October to April are the warmer summer months, while May to October is colder. The Chilean climate varies considerably according to latitude, being dry and hot in the north, wet and windy in the south. The coastal areas are cooled by the cold Humboldt current. In the south, the most settled weather is between December and March, which is dominated by westerly winds. In this area, northerly winds usually bring rain and poor visibility, while southerlies are accompanied by clear skies.
The Roaring Forties and Screaming Fifties low pressure systems sweep the South Atlantic, South Indian and South Pacific Oceans undisturbed by any land masses and the Drake Passage between south America and Antarctica is the only point where water masses and weather systems have to squeeze through this funnel. The deep ocean rises very rapidly near the islands of southern Chile creating havoc with the perpetual ocean swell and large waves associated with the deep depressions of these latitudes. The winds spiralling around the large weather systems of the South Pacific find their path blocked by the Andean Mountain Range, the longest in the world, with many peaks over 6000 meters, often forcing the north westerly winds to squeeze and funnel around the tip of the South American continent.
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